In Europe (and worldwide), we currently largely rely on conventional agricultural systems, in which synthetic pesticides and other agrochemical products are allowed and applied. The discussion on pesticide residues must be situated in this context. Organic production does not allow the use of synthetic pesticides, artificial fertilizers or any herbicides. However, their widespread use by the majority of farmers creates an omnipresent risk of contamination in the whole food supply chain.

The use of synthetic pesticides is not allowed in organic production, but traces of synthetic pesticides are regularly detected in organic food. To safeguard the integrity of organic production, organic certifiers are obliged to investigate the causes for pesticide residues on organic food, entailing high costs to the organic sector.